Presbyterian Church in the US Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Presbyterian Church in the US - Essay Example The Presbyterian Church of the United States, or PCUS, separated from the Old School Presbyterianism, or the Presbyterian Church in the United States of America, or PCUSA, during the beginning of the Civil War in the United States in May 1861. This is because the Old School Presbyterian Church declared that loyalty to the United States should be a national duty. The PCUS, however, retained its â€Å"Old School† heritage despite the split, and only changed in the 20th century as a response to the demands of the changing south. Prior to this change and especially during the war, it was known as the Presbyterian Church of the Confederate States of America (â€Å"A Brief History†). All throughout the early 20th century, the issues surrounding the PCUS included talks of unity with the Northern Presbyterians or the PCUSA and the denomination that succeeded it, namely the United Presbyterian Church in the USA, or the UPCUSA. However, the only moment that the PCUS and the UPCUSA worked together was during the Consultation on Church Union in 1962. During this time, the PCUS joined the UPCUSA, the United Church of Christ, the United Methodists and the Episcopalians in carrying out the endeavor (â€Å"A Brief History†). The PCUS further split into three factions during the civil rights movement. The liberal group wanted the church to be directly involved in the promotion of racial desegregation and voting in society. The moderates wanted a church consensus on the matter first. The conservatives, on the other hand, did not want the PCUS to be involved in social issues since the 19th century theologian James Henley Thornwell once stated in the doctrines of the Church that the church courts of the Presbyterian Church should not get involved with social reform issues (â€Å"A Brief History†). The conservatives of the Presbyterian Church then began the institution of the Presbyterian Church in

Narrative Essay Example Essay Example for Free

Narrative Essay Example Essay Have you ever been in one of those never ending conversations? The ones where the speaker goes on and on for ages about a topic that you do not understand and could care even less about? Have you ever felt like a joke went straight over your head or that you were missing something as you struggled to find the context in a conversation? That is an everyday occurrence for people like me, affectionately called Aspies: people who have what is known as Asperger’s Syndrome. Since being diagnosed with this, everyone who has been aware of it has felt the need to make some sort of accommodation for my ‘disability. ’ A diagnosis that society feels I need because I think differently than the rest. How does society define you? I have spent my entire life trying to prove that our labels do not matter in comparison to our contributions to society. Aspies are very socially awkward. We cannot read non-verbal cues, societal niceties are often thought strange and hard to grasp, and we tend to be more than a little introverted. I have a very ‘mild’ case. No, I cannot read social cues. Yes, society’s unwritten rules drive me crazy. Absolutely, I would prefer to be alone or with a small select group of people. However, none of these characteristics define me. One characteristic of Aspies is that we often have a specialized and intense interest in something. My obsession is Star Trek, particularly the alternate reality movie series starring Chris Pine, Zachary Quinto, Zoe Saldana, Simon Pegg, and Karl Urban. I once heard someone equate people with Asperger’s to the Vulcan race from Star Trek. It is quite a fitting description. Vulcans are typically calm, rational, and even keeled people, but lord help you if you manage to anger one. They do not like to be touched and have a ‘muted’ sense of their own, and others, emotions (although in truth both are so sensitive that we have to shut off our empathy in order to function). Spock, the most commonly known Vulcan, exhibits this range of emotions in the JJ Abrams 2009 Star Trek remake movie. He is coolly rational, even as his planet is destroyed, but becomes near homicidal after Kirk starts throwing disparaging comments about his mother. Even so Captain Kirk and Mr. Spock are two-thirds of a trio that has gone down in pop culture legend along with the ever snarky Dr. McCoy. The Freudian trio that everyone so loves shows that there needs to be a balance of personalities which in the case of Star Trek, as in so many others, is the cold and logical (Spock), the emotional and humanistic (McCoy), and the rational and intuitive (Kirk). There are so many labels that get thrown on people throughout their lifetime; jarhead, slut, and geek just to name a few. Not many people strictly fit in to just the one singular box to which society relegates us. Really, who wants to fit in just one category? Every person is, as my friend Marilyn would say, a unique and beautiful snowflake. Having Asperger’s certainly qualifies me as a ‘special snowflake’, but there are some drawbacks. One of those is that we find it incredibly difficult to discuss our personal lives and often the only people who are aware of our personal thoughts and feelings are those who are in our close inner circle. One of my inner circle in high school was a girl named Jules. She was, without a doubt, the poster child for the school. She was beautiful, the head cheerleader who competed in beauty pageants and was the prom princess. It would have been so easy for her to have been content with being well loved by the community just because she was pretty and popular. Jules was not like that though. She was the vice president of our class three years running. She graduated a mere . 0002 from being the salutatorian. She was involved in the student community service club and the school’s religious advocacy team. Jules could have been content with her place as a cheerleader in the status quo, but she chose to defy society’s expectations of her. Within those societal labels is one of the most interesting phenomena; the labels are so generalized. Take for instance the geek or nerd box. It is a label that I accept as one of the closest fit for identifying me because I love to read, can quote passages of Harry Potter on a whim, and spend entirely too much of my time on FanFiction, just to name of few of my personal quirks. There are so many different ways that people are relegated to this outlier corner. Trekkies, Whovians, people who like anime and manga, movie nerds, and people who love working with technology are just small portion of the different kinds of people that are defined as a nerd. The labels that limit us so much do not even completely define us. They do not fully describe who we are as people or give full insight into our personalities. In my lifetime some of the most extroverted, party-hard people were nerds and some of the quietest and shy were cheerleaders. Bringing us full circle, I am an Aspie. However, I have gotten better with time and a little coaching at understanding social cues. I understand that the rant that I have been going on for the last three pages probably does not interest you. You have done the exact same things before. You have gone on and on about something that you are passionate about without regard for the interest level of those around you. I could go on for hours, yet sometimes being concise is better. I doubt there are many people who have not at least heard of The Breakfast Club. Its last remarks so poignantly drives the concept home: Brian Johnson: You see us as you want to see us In the simplest terms, in the most convenient definitions. But what we found out is that each one of us is a brain Andrew Clark: and an athlete Allison Reynolds: and a basket case Claire Standish: a princess John Bender: and a criminal Brian Johnson: Does that answer your question? Sincerely yours, the Breakfast Club. To you, who, whatever box you may have been stuck in or maybe even embraced all on your own, remember labels are just for cans of soup. The Breakfast Club. Dir. John Hughes. Perf. Emilio Estevez, Judd Nelson, Molly Ringwald. 1985. Universal, 2003. DVD.

Temporal Articulation in La Jetee Essay -- Film Movie Cinema Cinematog

Temporal Articulation in La Jetà ©e Chris Marker's La Jetà ©e presents a narrative occurring in three distinct time periods: the past, present, and future, depicted solely through static images. Each time period articulates the temporal relationship between adjacent images differently and through various means, including but not limited to the amount of perceived movement or change within the mise en scene from shot to shot (or the ellipsis between images in a sequence), and the amount and type of voiceover used in any given sequence. The audience's ability to comprehend narrative time remains relatively consistent throughout the film, but the means by which passing time is represented alters in each time period, depending upon the ways in which the above characteristics are manipulated. On a strictly visual basis, the audience's perception of the passage of time becomes progressively retarded from past to present to future (fabula-wise), and this sensation is achieved through the manipulation of ellipsis between images in a sequence (a sequence being any uninterrupted slice of time occurring in the past, present, or future). Broadly, shot to shot differences in time go from determinate in the past, to less determinate in the present, to almost totally indeterminate in the future. In other words, it is easier to register the passage of time through the change within the image from shot to shot in sequences occurring in the past than it is in sequences occurring in the present, which in turn register the passage of time more explicitly than do the images from sequences occurring in the future. For example, a sequence in the beginning of the film (occurring in the temporal present of the fabula) depicting of the results of the ... ...ough to say that La Jetà ©e is a wonderfully rich experiment in the manipulation of the perception of time; despite the complexities elaborated in this paper, the film presents a consistently comprehensible articulation of time, despite and because of an information-impeding stylistic device (still images as opposed to moving images) and a complex, circular narrative laden with potentially confusing time travel. Notes 1) Only one pivotal shot in the film is not static. 2) Dissolves typically indicate an ellipsis, or a longer ellipsis than is usually indicated by a cut. Thus the dissolves of the woman sleeping in bed could be read as occurring over longer, more indeterminate periods of time in which she has moved very little. Works Cited Le Jetee. Dir. Chris Marker. Perf. Jean Negroni, Helene Chatelain, Danos Hanrich and Jacques Ledoux. Argos Films, 1962. Temporal Articulation in La Jetee Essay -- Film Movie Cinema Cinematog Temporal Articulation in La Jetà ©e Chris Marker's La Jetà ©e presents a narrative occurring in three distinct time periods: the past, present, and future, depicted solely through static images. Each time period articulates the temporal relationship between adjacent images differently and through various means, including but not limited to the amount of perceived movement or change within the mise en scene from shot to shot (or the ellipsis between images in a sequence), and the amount and type of voiceover used in any given sequence. The audience's ability to comprehend narrative time remains relatively consistent throughout the film, but the means by which passing time is represented alters in each time period, depending upon the ways in which the above characteristics are manipulated. On a strictly visual basis, the audience's perception of the passage of time becomes progressively retarded from past to present to future (fabula-wise), and this sensation is achieved through the manipulation of ellipsis between images in a sequence (a sequence being any uninterrupted slice of time occurring in the past, present, or future). Broadly, shot to shot differences in time go from determinate in the past, to less determinate in the present, to almost totally indeterminate in the future. In other words, it is easier to register the passage of time through the change within the image from shot to shot in sequences occurring in the past than it is in sequences occurring in the present, which in turn register the passage of time more explicitly than do the images from sequences occurring in the future. For example, a sequence in the beginning of the film (occurring in the temporal present of the fabula) depicting of the results of the ... ...ough to say that La Jetà ©e is a wonderfully rich experiment in the manipulation of the perception of time; despite the complexities elaborated in this paper, the film presents a consistently comprehensible articulation of time, despite and because of an information-impeding stylistic device (still images as opposed to moving images) and a complex, circular narrative laden with potentially confusing time travel. Notes 1) Only one pivotal shot in the film is not static. 2) Dissolves typically indicate an ellipsis, or a longer ellipsis than is usually indicated by a cut. Thus the dissolves of the woman sleeping in bed could be read as occurring over longer, more indeterminate periods of time in which she has moved very little. Works Cited Le Jetee. Dir. Chris Marker. Perf. Jean Negroni, Helene Chatelain, Danos Hanrich and Jacques Ledoux. Argos Films, 1962.

Essays --

Aleksander Pushkin, had a very short lived life, but still became the one of the most or most recognizable principal figure of literature in Russia’s history, a role with equivalence to that of William Shakespeare in the English culture. Pushkin started writing off the work of Karamzin as an inspiration and other writers construct a new, westernized language, which he used to form unique masterpieces such as â€Å"I remember the wonderful moment,† which were built upon the basis literary custom established by other famous poets such as Vasilii Zhukovskii who laid down the foundation and led the way for the pre-Romantic and Romantic texts of Konstantin Batiushkovand Evgeny Boratynskii. Pushkin influenced virtually all the major Russian writers who followed him, as well as entire movements of literature, including the texts of late classicism, Romanticism, and early Realism. His influence on Russian culture went even farther; his talents could be viewed by many through musical and theatrical works such as the operas of Tchaikovsky and Mussorgsky. Aleksandr Pushkin was born in Moscow on 6 June 1799 into a poor, but cultured aristocratic family, with a long and recognizable distinguished lineage and would create the start of Modern Russian Literature. On his father's side, he was a long descendent of an ancient noble family. On the other side his mother was one of the many great granddaughters of Gannibal, the legendary Abyssinian; most believe to be the source his African blood. Unfortunately for Pushkin, his mother took little, to no interest in the development of her son, entrusting him French tutors and nursemaids who played the biggest roles in childhood. Pushkin got acquainted with the Russian language through communication with m... ... Pushkin was the first to use everyday speech in his poetry, fusing Old Slavonic with vernacular Russian. This blend gave his works their rich, melodic quality. Alexander Pushkin as Russia's most influential and admired poet, during a time when Russia had no major impact on Literature, and most great literature was being written in English and French, revolutionized Russian literature with love poems, narrative poems, short stories, political poems, plays, novels, fairy tales, and histories. Pushkin with a unique mind, being skeptical and having a sense of irony helped him capture what it means to be Russian, winning the hearts of his fellow countrymen. His writing style contains distinctive rhythmic patterns that are difficult, or nearly impossible to translate, so non-Russian speakers have not always been able to appreciate the true beauty and power of his work.

Week 2 APA Paper

The Industrial Revolution would usher in a new era type and publication, particular with Lord Stanhope†s invention of the all cast-iron printing press, doubling the usable paper size and drastically reducing the use of normal labor. In 1810 the halftone process was developed, allowing for the first photo to be printed on a range of full tones. This in turn introduced a wave of sensationalist tabloids and the launch of a new craze: celebrities.Tabloids like the New York Daily News and the New York Daily Mission prohibited photo spreads [sometimes real, sometimes manipulation] of stars like Rudolph Valentino with eminence success. One reason that it was so successful was that it reduced the manpower it took to run the press and all though movie stars sure loved those new presses. These days, our lives are much easier than before, from new inventions such as cell phones and ‘pods. But to answer this question I have to go to the books.As technology advanced and mass productio n flourished, cities in Europe and the United States grew rapidly as people sought employment in factories. Political power shifted from the aristocracy, to the capitalist manufactories, merchants, and the working class. The capitalist replaced the landowner as the most powerful force in the western world. Investing in machines for mass manufacturing became the basic for change and industry. As this supply and demand became the force behind the output. It was a time for optimism and wealth, but not without it's social cost.Long thirteen-hour days, unsanitary and filthy living conditions, women and children among the workforce, overproduction, economic depression, and the loss of Jobs due to new improvement in technology took their tolls. Critics of this new industrial age declared that civilization was shifting from humanist values to a preoccupation with material goods. But with all this new technology, public education, literacy flourished nd the need for reading material became m ore important and widely available.Mass production of goods brought with it an overpowering need for mass communications. The nature of visual information was profoundly changed. A greater range of typographic sizes for broadsides and letterforms exploded. The nineteenth century was a prolific period for type face design and brought about such new classifications as egyption and sanserif, as well as outrageously decorative and novelty type faces.

La Cosa Nostra essays

La Cosa Nostra essays Perhaps one of the most poignant moments in American cinema is the closing scene in the film The Godfather when Don Vito Corleones son Michael takes over his fathers position... and one of the most unforgettable moments, a severed horsess head lies bloody in a mans bed. It is this tradition and brutality that characterizes the Mafia, a secret Sicilian society that lives and functions just as much today on American soil as it did and does still in Italy. To understand this organized crime, one must begin to understand how it came to be organized in the first place. During the medieval times in Sicily, Arabs invaded the land and native Sicilians fled and took refuge in the hills. Some of these refugees formed a secret society that gave protection to the people in exchange for money. This group took their name, Mafia based on the Arabic word for refuge. In America today, one can hear it also be called La Cosa Nostra, or This Thing of Ours. In the 1700s,Wealthy people would receive a card with a black hand drawn on and if they did not pay the money, they could expect murder, theft, and violence. During the time Mussolini was ruling Italy, this secret society was under heavy persecution and many fled to the United States. Don (term for the boss or head of a Mafia family) Vito Cascio Ferro fled to the United States in 1901 to escape arrest. He is known as the Father of American Mafia. (La Cosa Nostra) Many Italian immigrants came to the United States through Ellis Island in New York, which is today the most important center of organized Mafia crime in the United States. The new American Mafia came to power during the Prohibition by organizing the sale of outlawed alcohol, but after Prohibition was revoked, the Mafia needed a new racket. During the war, the Mafia got government issued ration sta...

Lucy Burns Was a Militant Activist for Womens Votes

Lucy Burns Was a Militant Activist for Women's Votes Lucy Burns played a key role in the militant wing of the American suffrage movement and in the final win of the 19th Amendment. Occupation: Activist, teacher, scholar Dates: July 28, 1879 - December 22, 1966 Background, Family Father: Edward BurnsSiblings: Fourth of seven Education Parker Collegiate Institute, formerly Brooklyn Female Academy, a preparatory school in BrooklynVassar College, graduated 1902Graduate work at Yale University, Universities of Bonn, Berlin, and Oxford More About Lucy Burns Lucy Burns was born in Brooklyn, New York, in 1879. Her Irish Catholic family was supportive of education, including for girls, and Lucy Burns graduated from Vassar College in 1902. Briefly serving as an English teacher at a public high school in Brooklyn, Lucy Burns spent several years in international study in Germany and then in England, studying linguistics and English. Womens Suffrage in the United Kingdom In England, Lucy Burns met the Pankhurst: Emmeline Pankhurst and daughters Christabel and Sylvia. She became involved in the more militant wing of the movement, with with the Pankhursts were associated, and organized by the Womens Social and Political Union (WPSU). In 1909, Lucy Burns organized a suffrage parade in Scotland. She spoke publicly for suffrage, often wearing a small American flag lapel pin. Arrested frequently for her activism, Lucy Burns dropped her studies to work full time for the suffrage movement as an organizer for the Womens Social and Political Union. Burns learned much about activism, and much, in particular, about the press and public relations as part of a suffrage campaign. Lucy Burns and Alice Paul While at a police station in London after one WPSU event, Lucy Burns met Alice Paul, another American participant in the protests there. The two became friends and co-workers in the suffrage movement, beginning to consider what might be the result of bringing these more militant tactics to the American movement, long stalled in its fight for suffrage. The American Womens Suffrage Movement Burns moved back to the United States in 1912. Burns and Alice Paul joined the National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA), then headed by Anna Howard Shaw, becoming leaders in the Congressional Committee within that organization. The two presented a proposal to the 1912 convention, advocating for holding whatever party was in power responsible for passing womens suffrage, making the party the target of opposition by pro-suffrage voters if they did not. They also advocated for federal action on suffrage, where the NAWSA had taken a state-by-state approach. Even with the help of Jane Addams, Lucy Burns and Alice Paul failed to get the approval of their plan. The NAWSA also voted not to support the Congressional Committee financially, though they did accept a proposal for a suffrage march during Wilsons 1913 inauguration, one which was infamously attacked and two hundred marchers were injured and which brought public attention back to the suffrage movement. Congressional Union for Woman Suffrage So Burns and Paul formed the Congressional Union - still part of the NAWSA (and including the NAWSA name), but separately organized and funded. Lucy Burns was elected as one of the executives of the new organization. By April of 1913, NAWSA demanded that the Congressional Union no longer use the NAWSA in the title. The Congressional Union was then admitted as an auxiliary of NAWSA. At the 1913 NAWSA convention, Burns and Paul again made proposals for radical political action: with Democrats in control of the White House and Congress, the proposal would target all incumbents if they failed to support federal womens suffrage. President Wilsons actions, in particular, angered many of the suffragists: first he endorsed suffrage, then failed to include suffrage in his State of the Union address, then excused himself from meeting with representatives of the suffrage movement, and finally backed off from his support of federal suffrage action in favor of state-by-state decisions. The working relationship of the Congressional Union and NAWSA was not successful, and on February 12, 1914, the two organizations officially split. NAWSA remained committed to state-by-state suffrage, including supporting a national constitutional amendment that would have made it simpler to introduce woman suffrage votes in the remaining states. Lucy Burns and Alice Paul saw such support as half measures, and the Congressional Union went to work in 1914 to defeat Democrats in Congressional elections. Lucy Burns went to California to organize women voters there. In 1915, Anna Howard Shaw had retired from the NAWSA presidency and Carrie Chapman Catt had taken her place, but Catt also believed in working state-by-state and in working with the party in power, not against it. Lucy Burns became editor of the Congressional Unions paper, The Suffragist, and continued to work for more federal action and with more militancy. In December of 1915, an attempt to bring the NAWSA and the Congressional Union back together failed. Picketing, Protesting, and Jail Burns and Paul then began working to form a National Womans Party (NWP), with a founding convention in June of 1916, with the primary goal of passing a federal suffrage amendment. Burns applied her skills as an organizer and publicist and was key to the work of the NWP. The National Womans Party began a campaign of picketing outside the White House. Many, including Burns, opposed the entry of the United States into World War I, and would not stop picketing in the name of patriotism and national unity. Police arrested the protestors, over and over, and Burns was among those sent to Occoquan Workhouse for protesting. In jail, Burns continued to organize, imitating the hunger strikes of the British suffrage workers with which Burns was experienced. She also worked to organize the prisoners in declaring themselves political prisoners and demanding rights as such. Burns was arrested for more protesting after she was released from jail, and she was in Occoquan Workhouse during the infamous Night of Terror when the women prisoners were subjected to brutal treatment and refused medical help. After the prisoners responded with a hunger strike, the prison officials began force-feeding the women, including Lucy Burns, who was held down by five guards and a feeding tube forced through her nostrils. Wilson Responds The publicity around the treatment of the jailed women finally moved the Wilson administration to act. The Anthony Amendment (named for Susan B. Anthony), which would give women the vote nationally, was passed by the House of Representatives in 1918, though it failed in the Senate later that year. Burns and Paul led the NWP in resuming White House protests - and more jailings - as well as in working to support the election of more pro-suffrage candidates. In May of 1919, President Wilson called a special session of Congress to consider the Anthony Amendment. The House passed it in May and the Senate followed in early June. Then the suffrage activists, including in the National Womens Party, worked for state ratification, finally winning ratification when Tennessee voted for the amendment in August 1920. Retirement Lucy Burns retired from public life and activism. She was embittered at the many women, especially married women, who did not work for suffrage, and at those she thought were not sufficiently militant in support of suffrage. She retired to Brooklyn, living with two of her also-unmarried sisters, and raised the daughter of another of her sisters who died shortly after childbirth. She was active in her Roman Catholic Church. She died in Brooklyn in 1966. Religion: Roman Catholic Organizations: Congressional Union for Women Suffrage, National Womans Party